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Power-over-Skin (Final Year Project)
RF · Hardware · Wearables · Biomedical

Power-over-Skin (Final Year Project)

NTU FYP exploring wireless power transfer using the human body as part of the path. 40 MHz capacitive coupling, matching networks, and PCB iterations.

2024 – 2025
RFHardwareWearablesBiomedicalRF Circuit DesignKiCadVNA MeasurementsLC MatchingPCB PrototypingImpedance AnalysisRectifier Design

Problem

Wearables and implantables need power without bulky batteries or cables. Can the body itself be part of the link?

My Role

Final-year researcher (NTU EEE FYP).

What I Built

TX/RX hardware, matching networks, custom PCB iterations, and a rectifier chain that successfully drove an LED through a human-body channel at 40 MHz.

Key Features

  • 40 MHz capacitive coupling
  • TX/RX matching network design
  • VNA-based impedance measurements
  • PCB iterations
  • Schottky voltage doubler rectifier
  • LED powered through body
  • Rectifier efficiency via impedance-aware matching

Technical Details

Designed LC matching networks per VNA-measured impedances. Iterated PCB layouts in KiCad. Built a Schottky voltage-doubler rectifier and tuned for impedance-aware power transfer.

Hardest Challenge

The body channel changes with skin contact, hydration, and posture. Matching is a moving target.

Outcome / Result

Demonstrated end-to-end power transfer through-body — LED lit at the receiver side.

Learnings

RF intuition matters more than simulation. Touch the board, watch the VNA, iterate fast.

System diagram

TX coupling pad → human body channel → RX coupling pad → matching → rectifier → LED.

  • 40 MHz capacitive coupling
  • Impedance-aware matching
  • Schottky voltage doubler
  • Receiver LED lit through body